MIL-STD-1365C
5.1.4.1 Power/drive train. Power sources for self-propelled equipment may be electrical or internal combustion. Powered equipment to be used in magazine spaces or ready reserve lockers shall be non-spark producing. Where the equipment is intended to handle bulk high explosives or bag charges, the equipment shall be explosion proof. Powered equipment shall be in accordance with UL 558 and UL 583 commensurate with the intended application as specified in the developmental specification.
5.1.4.1.1 Internal combustion engines. Engines for vehicles may be reciprocating or gas turbine and use shall be selected from military or industrial sources, subject to the approval of the procuring activity. Power requirements for driven parts shall not exceed 75 percent of the available horsepower of the engine at operating RPM. Fuel requirements shall be compatible with the engine type and shall be readily available. Gasoline, diesel oil, and kerosene are acceptable fuels provided they are compatible with the operational environment. Exotic fuels, such as hypergolics, shall not be used. The engine used for munitions handling vehicles shall be qualified by the applicable military specifications. The engines used shall incorporate:
a. A flame arresting intake and exhaust system.
b. Devices to minimize exhaust emission pollutants. c. An operating time recorder.
d. Sufficient fuel and oil capacity to operate at least four hours without servicing.
5.1.4.1.2 Electric motors. Electric motors shall be state-of-the-art heavy duty, industrial type with a high starting torque. The motors shall be capable of withstanding the current loads expected when the equipment is operated under maximum performance conditions. One or more thermal relay switches shall be provided to interrupt the current to an overheated circuit when the outside surface temperature of the motor exceeds 225 °F. Forward and reverse speed controllers shall give smooth acceleration and shall include automatic means to prevent starting or reversing in other than first (slowest) speed. Motors, controllers, relays, switches, and other electrical accessories that could be expected to arc or produce sparking during operation shall be the totally enclosed type.
5.1.4.1.3 Drive train systems. Drive train systems shall be designed to deliver power to the propelling wheels in a smooth, efficient manner. Drive train components shall be of sufficient strength to transfer the power required to operate the equipment at its rated capacity under the conditions specified in the applicable development specification. Whenever possible, commercial industrial grade automotive components shall be used. Unless otherwise specified by the applicable development specification, power trains shall consist of fully automatic transmissions, coupled to the power source by a torque converter or hydrostatic drive. When a manual transmission is used, it shall be of a fully synchromesh type. Provisions for dispersing excess heat shall be provided, and there shall be no leakage of the drive train lubricant or working fluids from the system under any conditions of operation.
5.1.4.1.4 Other power/drive train considerations.
5.1.4.1.4.1 Structural fuse. To protect the power train, a structural fuse, i.e., a "weak link", shall be incorporated which will be designed to fail before the weakest part of the power train if excess forces occur. The structural fuse may be a mechanical link that fails, a component which slips, or some other device, but in no way shall it compromise the operation of the equipment. The structural fuse shall be designed and located for easy replacement if necessary.
5.1.4.1.4.2 Clutch. The use of manual clutches is discouraged; however, when such use cannot be avoided, the force required to depress the clutch pedal shall not exceed 40 pounds.
5.1.4.1.4.3 Engine exhaust system. The exhaust system should be of corrosion resistant steel, positioned and protected against entry of rain and shall have adequate drainage to prevent the accumulation of condensed vapors. The exhaust system shall provide for a spark arresting device. The exhaust system shall be mounted such that it will prevent burns to the operator and so that it will emit fumes away from the operator.
5.1.4.1.4.3.1 Muffler. The muffler shall be of corrosion resistant steel construction, conform to commercial industrial standards and be capable of reducing overall exhaust noise to a maximum of 85 decibels (dB) at a radius of 10 feet from the end and 2 feet above the muffler tail pipe with engine operating at rated load and speed.
5.1.4.1.4.3.2 Spark arrestor. The spark arrestor shall conform to the requirements of USDA Forest Service
Standard 5100-1A, except for an increase of efficiency to 95 percent.
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