MIL-STD-1365 General Design Criteria For Handling Equipment Associated With Weapons And Related ItemsThis design standard contains the general design criteria and applicable tests for beams, bands, strongbacks, cradles, assembly stands, slings, dollies, bomb loaders, trailers and hoists used as an integral component of an ordnance handling device associated with handling weapons and related items. This standard is not intended to be used directly for acquisition of related equipment, but is to be used as the basis to prepare appropriate development specifications from which the equipment is to be designed and procured.

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MIL-STD-1365C

4.2 Safety.

4.2.1 AEODA safety. Equipment for handling AEODA shall permit safe operation in accordance with DOD

4145.26. Positive control shall be exercised at all times while handling AEODA, such as dead-man controls or braking mechanisms. Positive control shall include elimination of the possibility of dropping or losing a load. Any undue shock imparted on the load such as that caused by shifting, swaying, swinging, or motion of the load on the

carrying equipment shall be prevented. Hydraulic systems shall have hydraulically operated "fail-safe" devices such

as counterbalance valves in pushing and lifting mechanisms. Emphasis shall be placed on cradling and restraining mechanisms so as not to compromise safety during intermediate transfer of munitions. Systems shall be designed for proper structural load capabilities incorporating fail-safe devices. All powered equipment used for handling

AEODA shall be non-spark producing or explosion-proof in accordance with the respective specific requirements of the NFPA No. 70 (for electrical bonding and grounding requirements, see 4.7.6).

4.2.1.1 System safety. Equipment for handling AEODA shall be designed to assure that safety consistent with mission requirements is designed into systems. As specified by the procuring activity, the specification applicable

to the equipment being developed shall include a requirement to prepare a system safety program in accordance with

MIL-STD-882 (see 6.2).

4.2.2 Personnel safety. Provisions shall be incorporated for the safety of personnel to the maximum extent possible, with all anticipated operating conditions and the capability of operating personnel under these conditions being considered. An operational risk management process shall be performed to identify hazards, assess risks, and implement controls to reduce the risk associated with any operation in accordance with OPNAVINST 3500.39. System components shall be designed so that they are actuated only by the operator.

4.2.2.1 Guards. Suitable guards shall be provided for exposed moving parts such as belts, chains, gears, and linkages with which the operator or other personnel in the area may come in contact during normal operation of equipment. Guards or enclosures shall be provided for otherwise exposed electrical portions of equipment. Guards shall allow for inspection of mechanisms whose failure could cause a hazardous condition.

4.2.2.2 Sharp edges. Sharp edges, projections, and hinged devices with hazardous characteristics that could injure personnel shall be avoided.

4.2.2.3 Electrical shock. Suitable interlocks, grounding means, enclosures, or protective devices in accordance with NFPA No. 70 or equivalent industry standard shall be employed so that danger from electrical shock is avoided.

4.2.2.4 Securing. Parts which may cause a hazardous condition by working loose in service shall be safety wired, or shall have other approved positive locking means applied.

4.2.2.5 Toxic gases. Special design attention shall be paid to those items that emit toxic gases that could be harmful to operators or other personnel in the vicinity so as to eliminate or minimize any adverse effect.

4.2.2.6 Stability. The ability of free-standing equipment to remain stable is a function of platform dimensions relative to center of gravity height. The tipping angle is defined as the point at which stability is lost. The determination of an acceptable tipping angle depends on the application and utilization of the subject equipment. In the absence of specified tipping angle criteria, equipment shall be designed to remain stable at no less than 11 degrees. (For shipboard stability, see 5.1.3.1.)

4.2.3 Noise. The noise level of the equipment shall be designed so as not to exceed 85 dBA at the operator's position (MIL-STD-740 and MIL-STD-1474 shall be used as applicable).

4.2.4 Reflectors. Reflectors shall be provided in accordance with A-A-52428.